Kudryashova, Ekaterina, Ariskina, Elena, Karlyshev, Andrey, Vinokurova, Natalia, Streshinskaya, Galina and Evtushenko, Lyudmila (2018) 'Gordonibacillus kamchatkensis' gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of 'Paenibacillaceae' from frozen volcanic ash. In: XXXVII Annual Meeting of the European Culture Collections' Organisation; 13 - 15 Sep 2018, Moscow, Russia. (Unpublished)

Abstract

A novel genus and species, Gordonibacillus kamchatkensis gen. nov., sp. nov., with the type strain V-9T (=VKM B-2647T) is proposed to accommodate endospore-forming, rod-shaped and nonmotile bacterium isolated from the frozen volcanic ash sample, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The cell wall of strain V-9T contained a lysine-based peptidoglycan as well as mannose, glucose and glycerol. In addition, two teichoic acids were revealed in the cell wall. The polar lipids included phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, acylphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol as major components. The fatty acid profile comprised mainly saturated anteiso- and iso-branched acids, with anteiso-C15 predominating (about 50%). The major isoprenologue was MK-7. 50 The genome size of strain V-9T was of 6,957,55 bp., with an average G+C content of 55 mol%. The pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) [1] between V-9T and Paenibacillus strains with available genomes calculated using IMG/M (https://img.jgi.doe.gov/cgi-bin/m/main. cgi?section=ANI&page=pairwise) ranged from 69.2 to 73.7%, with 69.7% determined between the target strain and Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842T , the type strain of the type species of the genus. For comparison, the ANI values of 72.85–72.88% were found between V-9T and Thermobacillus composti, Fontibacillus phaseoli and Cohnella thermotolerans, where the latter is the type species of Cohnella. The 16S rRNA gene (1537 bp) pairwise similarity calculated using the EzBioCloud server (http://www.ezbiocloud.net/eztaxon; [2]) showed that strain V-9T had the highest similarity to P. chartarius [3] (96.5%) and P. aestuarii [4] (94.5%). The similarity values between V-9T and type strains of the remaining Paenibacillus species, including the type species of the genus, P. polymyxa [5], did not exceed 91.5% that is below 94.5–95%, a threshold indicative of distinct genera [6, 7]. Most species within the genus Paenibacillus also show low pairwise 16S rRNA gene similarity (<92%), which is evidence of the genus heterogeneity. The species currently included in Paenibacillus differ also in chemotaxonomic characters regarded as important markers in the differentiation of genera, including the cell wall diagnostic diamino acids, peptidoglycan composition, and polar lipid patterns[8]. The taxonomic dissection of heterogeneous genera with establishment of better definied novel genera, accompanied by more focused circumscription by genomic and epigenetic characteristics, could improve the taxonomy of this bacterial group (like that done previously in some other heterogeneous genera, including Bacillus and Paenibacillus). Kämpfer et al. [9] took previously the first step towards improving the taxonomy of the genus Paenibacillus when suggested the genus Cohnella within the Paenibacillus line of descent. Supporting the above views and based on clear genomic and chemotaxonomic differences of strain V-9T from the type species of the genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, and other Paenibacillus species that well nested within the genus, we suggest that strain V-9T should be described as a representative of novel genus within the Paenibacillus lineage.

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